Case study 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

1 - Case Study Example Here the factor dependent on which the division has been made are the monetary ones as well as the information on the individuals about the significance of social insurance in every day life. GE is one of the main associations on the planet in the medicinal services market and they think about India as an incredible possibility as far as social insurance item and administrations. As the customer great organizations previously began to increase colossal benefit from the base of the pyramid, and now, it is an open door for the clinical innovation and gadget makers to get that open door by connecting with the section with the minimal effort items that can assist them with capturing the high level of undiscovered provincial, semi urban market in India. Since the rustic markets and under-entered semi urban markets keep on holding a guarantee, GE needs to the pioneer in catching this market. This pattern has been driven by the way that finding support from the human services administration s and profit the chance of getting rewarded by the high innovation item is a test in the rustic and semi urban piece of the nation, especially for the low financial class and country clients (Mukherjee, 2011). At present on the planet the majority of the individuals bites the dust because of cardiovascular ailment. Over 80% of the patient sufferings from coronary illness on the planet are from the low pay nations and in India just; more than 2 million individuals are experiencing coronary illness. Report proposed that by the 2015 India will have over portion of the world heart understanding. The costly EEG machine is just for the top end clients and nations, however as in India a large portion of the heart patients are from semi urban or provincial zones, minimal effort item to identify their malady can without much of a stretch catch the market. So for GE it is a best chance and ideal chance to look profits by the base of the pyramid. As they are having the greatest R and D focus i n India and

Sexual Orientation

Cultural mentalities towards same-sex connections have fluctuated after some time and spot, from anticipating that all guys should take part in same-sex connections, to easygoing reconciliation, through acknowledgment, to considering the to be as a minor sin, quelling it through law entorcement and Judicial systems, and to forbidding it under punishment ot demise People with a gay direction can communicate their sexuality in an assortment of ways, and might possibly communicate it in their practices. ] Many have sexual connections predominately with individuals of their own sex character, however some have sexual associations with those of the contrary sex, promiscuous connections, or none at all The Kinsey scale endeavors to portray an individual's sexual history or scenes of their sexual movement at a given time. It utilizes a scale from O, which means only hetero, to 6, which means solely gay. It depends on real sexual conduct surveys.Research shows that numerous lesbians and gay men need, and prevail with regards to having, submitted and tough connections. For instance, review ata demonstrate that somewhere in the range of 40% and 60% of gay men and somewhere in the range of 45% and 80% of lesbians are at present associated with a sentimental relationship. [110] Survey information likewise demonstrate that somewhere in the range of 18% and 28% of gay couples and somewhere in the range of 8% and 21% of lesbian couples in the U. S. have lived respectively at least ten years. 110] Studies have discovered same-sex and other gender couples to be identical to one another in proportions of fulfillment and duty seeing someone, that age and sex are more dependable than sexual direction as an indicator of fulfillment and pledge to a relationship, and that individuals who are hetero or gay offer practically identical xpectations and standards concerning sentimental connections GENERAL Science has taken a gander at the reasons for homosexuality, and all the more conven tionally the reasons for human sexual direction, with the general ends being identified with natural and ecological factors.The organic factors that have been inquired about are hereditary and hormonal, especially during the fetal formative time frame, that impact the subsequent cerebrum structure, and different attributes, for example, handedness. [3][4] There are a wide scope of ecological components (sociological, mental, or early uterine condition), and different organic factors, that may nfluence sexual direction; however numerous specialists accept that it is brought about by an unpredictable transaction among nature and support, they favor organic models for the cause.Sexual direction change endeavors There are no investigations of sufficient logical thoroughness to finish up whether sexual direction change endeavors work to change an individual's sexual direction. Those endeavors have been disputable because of strains between the qualities held by some religious association s, from one viewpoint, and those held by LGBT rights associations and proficient and logical associations and other religious associations, on the other. ] The longstanding agreement of the conduct and sociologies and the wellbeing and emotional well-being callings is that homosexuality as such is a typical and positive variety of human sexual direction, and in this manner not a psychological issue. [9] The American Psychological Association says that â€Å"most individuals experience next to zero feeling of decision about their sexual orientation†. 1 56] Some people and gatherings have advanced the possibility of homosexuality as indicative of formative imperfections or profound and moral failings and have contended that sexual direction change endeavors, including psychotherapy and strict endeavors, could adjust omosexual emotions and behaviors.Many of these people and gatherings seemed, by all accounts, to be inserted inside the bigger setting of preservationist strict pol itical developments that have bolstered the demonization of homosexuality on political or strict grounds. No major psychological wellness protessional association nas authorized endeavors to change sexual direction and practically every one of them have embraced strategy proclamations forewarning the calling and the general population about medications that imply to change sexual orientation.Physical The terms â€Å"Men who have intercourse with men† (MSM) and â€Å"women who have intercourse with omen† (WSW) allude to individuals who participate in sexual movement with others of a similar sex paying little mind to how they distinguish themselves†as many decide not to acknowledge social ways of life as lesbian, gay and These terms are regularly utilized in clinical writing and social research to portray such gatherings for study, without expecting to consider the issues of sexual self-identity.The terms are viewed as risky, in any case, since they â€Å"obscure social elements of sexuality; subvert oneself naming of lesbian, gay, and cross-sexual individuals; and don't adequately depict varieties in sexual behavior† . 182] MSM and WSW are explicitly dynamic with one another for an assortment of reasons with the fundamental ones ostensibly sexual delight, closeness and holding. Rather than its advantages, sexual conduct can be an illness vector. Safe sex is a significant damage reductionphilosophy. 183] The United States at present denies men who engage in sexual relations with men from giving blood â€Å"because they are, as a gathering, at expanded hazard for HIV, hepatitis B and certain different contaminations that can be transmitted by transfusion. â€Å"[ Public wellbeing These more secure sex proposals are settled upon by general wellbeing authorities for sign who have intercourse with ladies to maintain a strategic distance from explicitly transmitted diseases (ST's): Avoid contact with an accomplice's menstrual blood and wi th any noticeable genital lesions.Cover sex toys that enter more than one individual's vagina or rear-end with another condom for every individual; consider utilizing distinctive toys for every individual. Utilize a hindrance (e. g. , latex sheet, dental dam, cut-open condom, cling wrap) during oral sex. Use latex or vinyl gloves and grease for any manual sex that may cause dying. [186] These more secure sex proposals are settled upon by general wellbeing authorities for en who have intercourse with men to stay away from explicitly transmitted contaminations: Avoid contact with an accomplice's organic liquids and with any obvious genital sores. Use condoms for butt-centric and oral sex.Use a hindrance (e. g. , latex sheet, dental dam, cut-open condom) during butt-centric oral sex. Spread sex toys that infiltrate more than one individual with another condom for every individual; consider utilizing distinctive toys for every individual and use latex or vinyl gloves and grease for any sex that may cause dying. Gay and lesbian youth See likewise: Suicide among LGBT youth Gay and lesbian youth bear an expanded danger of self destruction, substance misuse, school roblems, and seclusion on account of a â€Å"hostile and censuring condition, verbal and physical maltreatment, dismissal and disengagement from family and peers†. 192] Further, LGBT young people are bound to report mental and physical maltreatment by guardians or overseers, and progressively sexual maltreatment. Proposed explanations behind this divergence are that (1) LGBT young people might be explicitly focused based on their apparent sexual direction or sex non-adjusting appearance, and (2) that â€Å"risk factors related with sexual minority status, including segregation, imperceptibility, and launch by family members†¦ may prompt an expansion in practices that are related with chance for exploitation, for example, substance misuse, sex with various accomplices, or fleeing trom nome as an adolescent. [ Lesbian, gay, androgynous, and transgender (LGBT) individuals in the Philippines have a particular culture however restricted lawful rights. Gays and lesbians are for the most part endured, if not acknowledged, inside Filipino society, however there is as yet far reaching separation. The most noticeable individuals from the Filipino LGBT culture, the Bakla, are an unmistakable gathering in the Philippines. As per he 2002 Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Survey, 11% of explicitly dynamic Filipinos between the ages of 15 and 24 have had intercourse with somebody of a similar sex. l] Filipino writer and pundit Lilia Quindoza Santiago has guessed that Filipino culture may have an increasingly adaptable idea of sexual orientation in light of the fact that kasarian, the Tagalog word for â€Å"gender†, is characterized in less parallel terms than the English word sex. [2] Kasarian implies â€Å"kind, species, or genus†. [3] The English word sex initially lik ewise implied â€Å"kind†. Phil. Overview The Philippines has earned its positioning as one of barely any gay-accommodating nations on the planet. Of the 39 nations secured by a worldwide study, just 17 nations had larger parts that acknowledged homosexuality, with the Philippines positioning at number 10 among the 17.Despite its strictness, the Philippines is one of the nations on the planet where the degree of open â€Å"acceptance† of gay people is high, as indicated by the aftereffects of the overview. The review titled â€Å"The Global Divide on Homosexuality' led by the Us-based Pew Research Center demonstrated that 73 percent of grown-up Filipinos concurred with the explanation that â€Å"homosexuality ought to be acknowledged by society,† up by nine rate focuses from 2002. The level of Filipinos who help society ought not acknowledge gays tumbled from 33 percent in 2002 to 26 percent this year, it added.This significant level of acknowledgment, which is practically identical to that found in mainstream western Europe, is considerably higher than those found in Japan (54 percent), South Korea (39 percent) or the United States (60 percent), where a few states permit gay marriage. â€Å"Brazilians and Filipinos are extensively more open minded of homosexuality than their nations' moderately significant levels of strictness would suggest,† the Pew overview report said. The Philippines avoided the pattern found in the study demonstrating that gays are for the most part acknowledged in rich and secularized countries.The study finds that acknowledgment of homosexuality is especially boundless in nations where religion is less focal in individuals' lives. These are likewise among the most extravagant

Text Ads or Visual Ads Which is Better for Social Media Marketing

Text Ads or Visual Ads Which is Better for Social Media Marketing Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Text Ads or Visual Ads? Which is Better for Social Media Marketing?Updated On 23/04/2017Author : MohideenTopic : Social MediaShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozir3e CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogAdvertising through Social Media Marketing networks had given new scope to the advertisers to popularize their products and services among the regular visitors of these networks. There never had been a point of debate in the initial days of popularity of Internet among the users to opt from text ads and visual ads on a social marketing network. But with the popularity of internet all over the world people had started differentiating in both the concepts due to their different features. Most of the entrepreneurs investing in online advertising are now considering the effectiveness of both the mediums of advertisement on social media marketing networks. You can find a number of adve rtisement packages on the websites for PPC campaigns, SEO services, Text Ads and link building assistance to choose from for your business. Before deciding for the prominence of any advertising method one should know about visual ads and text ads along with their advantages.Visual AdvertisementsVisual ads were earlier considered as the best marketing tool that can be used to popularize your Online Business or website. The main reason of their prominence was that they can be widely viewed due to their multicolored and noticeable appearance on internet, similar to TV ads that were popular previously, than any other medium of online advertisement. In this way advertiser supposed to become successful in attracting the attention of the visitors to their website or ads. Billions of dollars were lost to make the concept successful but individually these ads did not prove to be that much effective and the visual advertisers were compelled to revaluate the concept of advertising, especially through visual ads, on internet.Advantages to use visual ads:Visual ads provide branding to your business by popularizing your logo and your name on internet. The attractive visual ads usually entice people to visit social media marketing sites.Visual ads provide visibility to your product or services so that viewer can get their overview.Visual ads convey more information about your business and products or services elaborately and visual ads can do it much perfectly.Visual ads are usually tempting for the viewers to click on curiously.These ads on social networking and marketing sites can be viewed by their visitors.The only constraint with visual ads is that they contain only one ad in one unit.Text AdvertisementsText ads on social media marketing networks had started to become popular along with visual ads on internet as they are a kind of visual ads on other’s website which provide a link to the visitors to reach your network. Text ads need some surety to be downloaded on som e social media marketing network to be popular among their visitors.Advantages of Text ads on social media marketing networksText ads are more prominently accepted by social media marketing sites.Cost of text ads is much lower than visual ads. Visual ads cost more due to the artistic excellence needed in creating them.Text ads are simple to be created and executed.The ease to create text ads allow you to present them in different variations and as they do not need any graphic designer to create they can be easily rotated.Text ads can present more than one ads in one ad unit to make it more affordable.The chances of clicking these ads can be increased by displaying them in different colors along with your text posts.You can display more related topics in the text ads alongwith your text post.READEasy Way To Run Android Applications On WindowsChoosing between visual ads and text adsThough both the concepts of advertising on social media marketing sites are found effective to attract t he visitors to the advertiser’s sites but both of them provide different facilities to the advertisers. And to choose out of these two depends upon the effectiveness of your advertising campaign on the prospective consumers as you are spending a handsome amount on this campaign to make your business successful. Now to decide that which style of advertising on social media marketing will suit you you will have to consider the nature of your product.If your product is a kind of service or commodity like insurance, financial service etc., then text ads on social media marketing network can be beneficial for you. But if your product whose style and appearance makes effect on the demand of the customers like electronics, apparels, decorative pieces, furniture and several other things, then visual ads must be your choice to make your purpose achieved. Though these guidelines to make your choice true to some extent but they are not hundred percent functional all the times. Sometimes it b ecomes difficult to put a product into either of the category and sometimes products without any visual ads succeeds in receiving heavy traffic of viewers than with visual ads. Though these guidelines must be followed while starting your advertising campaign but if you are doubtful in this respect then you can consult the experts in this field. You can easily switch over from one style of online advertising through social media marketing sites to the other for your satisfaction.New concept of contextual adsOn the other hand several networks like Google Adsense etc., had successfully launched the concept of contextual ads which presents a blend of text ads along with visual ads to attract the prospective customers more effectively than either of the two. In this style of advertising both the previously used style got equal prominence in the field of online advertising on social media marketing networks. This new concept has proved that neither of the two, visual ads and text ads, is inferior to other. Both have their own prominence in making a product popular among the customers. As colorful visual ads are able to attract the customers through their visual beauty, text ads attract the customers by providing them complete information about the product and both of them are equally important to attract the customer to your website.Thus, to decide which is better for social media marketing, text ads or visual ads, you should take the help of your own reasoning.

Analysing the performance of the Corporate Debt Market - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1375 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The Planning era began since 1951 and DFIs were increasingly encouraged to finance the project funding needs of the Indian corporate sector. The Government of India and RBI facilitated the concessional rates for corporate sector by giving the following to the DFIs: Access to low cost funds Permission to issue bonds with government guarantee Allocations from budget With the onset of economic reforms, the budgetary support and government guarantee to DFIs was withdrawn. The DFIs converted themselves into commercial banks to have access to the public deposit mechanism and served as source of long term finance to the Indian corporate sector. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysing the performance of the Corporate Debt Market" essay for you Create order Primary issuance market, in the corporate debt market, is dominated by non-banking finance companies and relatively small amount of funds are raised through issuance of debt papers by manufacturing and other service industries. The following are some of the different types of corporate debt securities issued: Non-Convertible Debentures Partly-Convertible Debentures/Fully-Convertible Debentures (convertible in to Equity Shares) Secured Premium Notes Debentures with Warrants Deep Discount Bonds PSU Bonds/Tax-Free Bonds The sections herein explain the following: Significance of a vibrant corporate bond market Prerequisites for the development of corporate debt market Reasons for under-development of the corporate bond market in India Significance of a well developed corporate bond market 1. Reduce dependence on banks for long term finance Due to regulatory constraints and absence of proper incentives to opt for corporate debt, the corporate sector in India prefers the banks as a source of long term finance. The East Asian crisis showed the pitfall of excessive reliance on bank financing. 2. Create a source of long term financing Developing countries like India will have opportunities for long term investments, especially in infrastructure projects. Banks, having short term liabilities, may not be able to continue and meet the growing needs of a developing country with long term financing requirements. A vibrant bond market gives access to such long term debt. The ability of raise funds has a long lasting effect of the growth of the economy of a country. Hence creating a more stable source of long term finance is crucial. 3. Cheaper source of finance Corporates with good credit rating lose out on the opportunity to raise funds directly from the market. As the corporate debt market develops and becomes liquid, the cost of raising funds will also reduce and also bring stability. Prerequisites Less complex regulatory framework for public issues The main deterrence to corporate in issuing debt securities to the public is the lengthy and rigorous procedure that entails it. Thus the regulatory framework needs to be simplified and made more conducive and issuer friendly to good credit rated companies. Reduction in time and cost of issuances The time required and the costs incurred in making public issues must be reduced to incentivise the corporate sector. Reduction of corporate sector dependence on banks The mindset of the Indian Corporate sector to depend on banks to finance their long term investment needs must change. Legal Structure There must a robust legal structure in place to encourage innovative financial products that would cater to various risk-return appetite of a diverse set of investors. Market Infrastructure The market must be made more conducive to the trading, reporting and settlement of trades in the corporate bond market. Transparency must brought in through efficient price discovery process. Presence of rating agencies Credible rating agencies must be present in the market to give information about the credit worthiness of the issuer and the debt securities Developed Government securities market The G-Sec market needs to be well-developed as the price and yield of corporate bonds are marked on the basis of the benchmark G-Sec prices and yields. Reasons for slow development of Indian corporate debt market Lengthy regulatory requirements and disclosures The regulatory requirements for public issues were rigorous in terms of quality and type of disclosures Utilization of funds The utilization of funds raised through public debt securities was required approval and was mandatorily needed to be disclosed to the retail investors. Minimum Investment Grade Bonds had to have a certain minimum investment grade for it to be issued in the primary market. Those below this minimum investment grade were not allowed to be issued to the public. This clause was removed as per circular to amend the DIP (Disclosure and Investor Protection) Guidelines, 2000. Risks Involved The offer document must contain the issuers perception of risk on matters such as assets and debtors, dilution risk (changes in credit quality of pool of assets), currency, interest and other risks. Disclosures Disclosures regarding the public offer, the debt instruments, the issuer, the originator, the servicer, the Trustees, the transaction structure and cash flows. The rigorous norms that have to be followed for issuing bonds make this process lengthy and burdensome process as compared to raising funds from the banks or other institutions or through private placement option Listing of debt securities Filing on stock exchanges: The firm needs to make an application to one or more recognized stock exchanges for listing of their debt securities. Draft offer documents: The firm needs to file draft offer documents with the designated stock exchange and have it posted on the websites (if any) of the company, lead merchant banker and the designated stock exchanges. Excessive dependence on bank loans and private placement The Corporate prefers bank loans to finance its long term investment needs to issuing debt securities in the primary market. Also, they can raise funds in the primary market through public issue of bonds or through the private placement route. The Indian corporate sector still prefers private placement as the firms find issuance of public debt securities is a lengthy and rigorous task. Also, the cost of issuance exceeds the cost of private placement. Another factor is that more funds can be raised through the private placement route. Non-transparency The corporate bond market was non-transparent as there was no system to enable efficient price discovery and allow comparison of prices quoted by seller and strike the best deals. Non-availability of information Till 2007, there was no information available on the trading activities in the corporate debt market. To improve this, SEBI, in 2007, permitted BSE and NSE to set up reporting as well as trading platforms to get real time information of trade volume, trading prices and other trading activity related data. Trading on OTC market could be reported through the reporting tool of NSE or BSE. Issuance costs Advertisements The public issue needs to be accompanied by advertisements in a national daily with wide circulation informing the public about the issue and giving truthful information. Credit Rating Earlier, bond issuers had to obtain rating from two separate credit rating agencies increasing the cost of issuances. This clause has been amended since 2007 to obtain rating from just one rating agency. Minimum Subscription The issuer may decide on a minimum amount of debt it seeks to raise from the public and it must be mentioned in the offer document. In the event of non-receipt of the minimum subscription, the money needs to be refunded to the applicants. Thus all costs involved for issuance like merchant banker charges, advertisement costs will have to be incurred with no result. Dematerialization of instruments Also, the issuer has to enter into an arrangement with a registered depository for dematerialization of the securitized debt instruments that are proposed to be issued to the public. Auditing expenses An auditor and a valuer may be appointed to look into the books of accounts of the entity and for proper valuation of asset pools. The expenses of such an audit may be borne by the originator. Fees Application fees, registration fees, annual fees, filing fees for offer documents. Settlement and Clearing System There was no settlement and clearing system in place for the corporate bonds. The settlement on BSE is done on a rolling basis using BOLT (BSE Online Trading) whereas NSE uses its NSCCL (National Securities Clearing Corp. Ltd) platform to settle corporate bonds trades. However, majority of the transaction is in the OTC market with bilateral settlement. Investor diversity Most of the investors do not have a long term view in mind. The household which could form a major part of the investor base is practically absent in the corporate debt market in India.

The different types of fraud that were committed by Enron.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction..........................................................................................1 Who Committed Fraud?.....................................................................1 - 2 How Was Fraud Committed?...............................................................2 - 4 Why Was Fraud Committed?...............................................................4 - 5 Penalties Of Committing Fraud.............................................................. 6 Ways Of Preventing Fraud............................................................... 6 - 10 Conclusion...................................................................................... 10†¦show more content†¦Here are two example partnerships, which show how Fastow, Kopper, and Skilling worked together to commit this fraud. One of the first partnerships that they made was called LJM. LJM was a project that was started to fix a so called problem Enron had of not being able to sell, or put in paper an Internet start-up company that would make Enron look good. Because of not being able to do so Enron started a risky partnership with a company in the islands called LJM. Enron funded LJM with its own stock in order to fake the books. The second partnership was called Chewco. The main story with Chewco was that Fastow wanted to run Chewco but he couldnt because of a conflict of interest. So what Fastow did was put Kopper in control of Chewco. Here is where the fraud comes in, in order to cover up the connection between Chewco and Enron, the investments done by Kopper to Chewco was done under a partners name. When Enron decided to buy Chewco, Fastow made Kopper drive up the price of it in order make profits for himself and Kopper, and any other money Kopper received from the selling of Chewco to Enron he shared with Fastow, this is how they committed their money laundering and wire fraud. The next key player who committed fraud was Jeffrey Richter, the former head of Enrons Short-term California energy trading desk. He also committed wire fraud. Richter committed wire fraud specifically in one way. He was the one in charge of supervising the department of Enron thatShow MoreRelatedMethods Of Aggressive Accounting By Issuing Financial Statements1199 Words   |  5 Pagesflows, or understating any debts and expenses are examples of this type of fraud. These accounting swindles allow companies to have an efficient public appearance to investors and potential creditors. Nevertheless, according to a recent journal article from (Chen Huang, 2013), these deceitful activities led to abnormal stock returns and unfavorable open-market purchases and repurchases. The statements from the financial disclosures were so unclear, yet seemed too good to be true. Consequently, a wideRead MoreAccounting Is The Most Boring1478 Words   |  6 Pagesauditors, corporations still manage to circumvent the proper accounting techniques that prevent fraudulent behaviors. Because of the consequences observed from the Enron and WorldCom scandals, stronger laws and stricter regulating requirements for businesses are a necessary issuance to address the causes of fraud and how it is committed. Current rules applied to corporations in regards to their financial statements are insufficient. Corporations are viewed as a public entity, and appear to have noRead MoreEthical Codes Of Conduct Are Secondary Thoughts1531 Words   |  7 PagesEnron, WorldCom and Bank of Credit and Commerce, just to name a few, runs chills up and down the spines of, well, just about everybody. These scandals swirled around several large businesses, and hinged on unethical practices – unethical accounting practices, specifically. The idea of ethics is a hot button these days in all genres. In fact, universities and colleges are including ethics in the curriculum of every discipline instead of offering an ethics major, per se (Kanaiah Kumar, 2009).Read MoreEssay on White-Collar Crime Vs. Street Crime1070 Words   |  5 Pagespunishments than street crime. This paper will first discuss the similarities between the two types of crime and then explain why their punishments are strongly diff erent. Lets first start off by defining each one of these types of crime. Street crime is a loosely defined term that usually refers to criminal acts that are done in public. Currently, society is more aware and familiar with this type of crime. Examples of street crime include homicides, shootings, robberies, etc; crimes that areRead MoreWhite Collar Crime1407 Words   |  6 Pagesto late 1990s. With the downfall of companies such as Enron, Tyco Toys and WorldCom MCI white collar criminals are facing lengthy prison sentences. Greed and personal vendettas are what have led our country to understand and gain more knowledge about these corporations and the corrupt CEOs that have brought them to their demise. â€Å"White collar crime is defined as various crimes, as embezzlement, fraud, or stealing office equipment, committed by business or professional people while working. GenerallyRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021274 Words   |  6 Pagesrecently the financial crisis of 2008. The government has tried to learn from these past events and implement new procedures that would prevent from occurring once again. However, it seems like there is always something new to learn from when these type of events occurs. As such, the government always tries to addressed the issues, but in some instances are praised and in some criticized. Two of the most important legislature that have been passed in order to prevent financial crisis and protect theRead MoreHow Fraud in the Financial Markets Influence Government Action1255 Words   |  6 Pagespotential investments. Unfortunately, as we have seen in recent history with Enron and Bernie Madoff, there are companies and/or individuals that are a mong us trying to take advantage of what they feel is an opportunity to make easy money. Essentially, these companies and/or individuals are committing some type of financial fraud to cover up their â€Å"robbing Peter to pay Paul† type schemes (Museum of†¦, 2010). This [financial fraud] epidemic is not something that is new to the financial world, it’s beenRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Criminal Offences1238 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Bank robbery is down by half over the last decade, check fraud has declined in recent years, and cyber crime is surging† (Scanio and Ludwig). Fraudulent activity is everywhere. It is a crime even though there are no victims. Scams, price fixing, wiring accounts, fraud of all sorts, etc are all types of white-collar crimes. Not all crimes that are committed are even performed by the Chief Financial Officer. It has become more accessible, to commit these crimes, with the mass amounts of internetRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act : Unexpected Benefits Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesin, which held a majority of the portfolio of stock, has been participating in financial fraud. While they had been presenting themselves well, under the surface deceptive accounting and financial practices were being use d and now the company is broke. All of your hard earned money which was invested in that company is now gone-down to the last penny. Does this sound vaguely familiar? It should. In 2001, Enron, a United States company, became the very largest bankruptcy and stock collapse in historyRead MoreOverview of Forensic Accounting Essay2975 Words   |  12 Pagespeople really know what it is. Well look no more; you came to the right place. This paper will discuss the ends and outs of forensic accounting. For example, the certifications required to become one, the history of forensic accounting and many different types of crimes that forensic accounts handle. Forensic accounting is an investigative style of accounting used to verify whether a single or company has occupied with any illegal financial movement (Forensic Accounting Online, 2013). It is used to

Skakespeare and his style of writing - 2373 Words

Shakespeare’s plays are a product of the Elizabethan theatrical context in which they were first performed. A lot of pressure was put on Shakespeare as he wrote his plays because he was not allowed to upset the royal family. His style would have been different than others in those times and a lot more thought has gone into his writing than people listening would think. Usually, the audience take for granted the cleverness and thought of Shakespeare’s writing, however, now we have studied and gone into great detail about Shakespeare’s writing, we can appreciate it more than they did: The Globe Theatre was where Shakespeare had most of his plays performed. It had many decorations to make it look appealing and to try and to make it seem†¦show more content†¦For example, they say â€Å"Bernado,† and â€Å"Holla Barnado† and â€Å"Say – what, is Horatio there?† He also cunningly tells us the people in the play are: â€Å"And liegeman to the Dane†, â€Å"the rivals of my watch† and â€Å"Friends to the ground†. This tells us that Horatio and Marcellus are the â€Å"good guys† and it also tells us their role in the play – the watch. Also, Shakespeare sets the scene. Dialogue has to compensate for the lack of real night time. He does this by using dialogue like: â€Å"Tis now struck twelve† and â€Å" Who’s there?† â€Å"Stand and unfold yourself†, and â€Å"Give you good night.† He also tells us what the night is like, â€Å"Tis bitter cold,† and â€Å"Not a mouse stirring.† This all tells us that the night is cold, quiet, just gone twelve and nothing much is happening, without the use of real darkness. Shakespeare also uses hidden stage directions for the actors’ sake, for instance, Barnado says â€Å"Get thee to bed Francisco† which is really telling the actor to leave the stage. Shakespeare also says â€Å"Barnado hath my place. Give you good night† which tells the other actors that he will be leaving the stage. This also tells the audience that Barnado is taking over his place from then on. Barnado also says, â€Å"Sit down a while† then Horatio says â€Å"Well, sit we down† which means that they should sit down. Furthermore, Shakespeare will use the actors as narrators. They would tell the audience what is happening, but at the same time they would be playing their part in the play. For

Plato and Aristotle discussions of moral and ju free essay sample

Morality and justice are two of the most discussed themes in philosophical discussions. Classical philosophers like Aristotle and Plato discuss about these two themes in detail in their respective books. This essay will compare and contrast Aristotle and Plato discussions of morality and justice and determine which philosophy best addresses the consequences of human vulnerability. In general, morality is the principles concerning the distinction between right or wrong or good and bad behavior. Justice is the quality of being fair and reasonable. In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle stated the basic questions of moral philosophy, for example, what are the good, virtue, and happiness? Aristotle believes that man is by nature a social and political animal (zoon politikon). Human are sociable because they are always living with other people, or in other words, in a community or polis. He also believes that human is by nature a moral or ethical being, and human rationality is what differs human from other species of animals (Boucher, 2003). In his view, for all human beings a natural life is a life of justice. At the beginning of Ethics it is written â€Å"the good has been aptly described as that at which everything aims’ (Ethics, 1984). If this statement is true, then a life of justice means the ‘good’ for human. Aristotle introduced us to the Greek word ‘eudaimonia’ which often misleadingly translated as ‘happiness’ in English. However, in Greek, it does not simply defined as happiness, it is more about self-perfection, therefore it is not just about our emotional state, but also as a measure of objective success. In contrast, virtue is a state of being and not an activity. It is the disposition to act in such a way as to lead a happy life. Thus, virtues are habits issuing in acts corresponding to those by which the habit was established. Aristotle stated that virtues are those states of character that lie at the mean between excess and deficiency, which are vices; he called this as the Doctrine of the Mean. For example, courage lies at the mean between rashness and cowardice. However, Aristotle does not have a definite formula of this ‘golden mean’, it does not mean that the virtue lies exactly in between of the two extremes, and since every one differs to each other. There are two kinds of virtues. Intellectual virtue helps us to know what is just and admirable, which we learn by instructions. Moral virtue helps us to do just and admirable deeds, which we learn by habit and constant practice. Practical wisdom or phronesis in Greek, means a general sense of knowing the proper behaviour in all situations, which guides us in the correct manner of action. This particular intellectual virtue is closely tied to the rational deliberation and choice necessary to the moral virtue. In his view, men are born with the potential to be morally virtuous, but it is only by behaving in the right way that we train. Aristotle’s notion of virtue as something learned through constant practice rather than through reasoning makes a great deal of practical sense. He claims that reasoning is unlikely to teach us to appreciate virtue if we have not been raised with the right habits (Bonevac, 1996). â€Å"Excellence [of character], then, is a state concerned with choice, lying in a mean relative to us, this being determined by reason and in the way in which the man of practical wisdom would determine it. Now it is a mean between two vices, that which depends on excess and that which depends on defect. † (Aristotle, 1984) Aristotle focuses his moral theory on virtuous action and argues that virtue is necessary, but not sufficient for happiness. Virtue is needed to lead a happy life, but ultimately, virtue alone will not be enough to achieve eudaimonia. Some other external factors such as wealth, health, family, and good relationships with others are also considered. Aristotle argues that a virtuous person will desire to do the virtuous action, will have the emotion that accompanies doing the virtuous action, and will actually get the pleasure from doing the action. In general, justice is associated with lawful behaviors. Justice, for Aristotle, consists of restoring or maintaining proper balance. Aristotle distinguishes several different spheres of justice. Distributive justice deals with the distribution of wealth among the members of a community. It employs the geometric proportion of what an individual receives is directly proportional to his or her merit, so a good person will receive more than a bad person. This justice is virtuous mean between the vices of giving more than a person deserves and giving less. Rectificatory justice has to do with regulating the social or ethical relationships between the citizens of a particular polis. Rectification may be called for in cases of injustice involving voluntary transactions like trade or involuntary transactions like theft or assault. Justice is restored in a court case, where the judge ensures that gains and losses of both parties are equaled out, thus restoring a mean. In his view, murder, theft, and adultery that are intrinsically wrong fall in rectificatory justice. However, Aristotle did not give us a reason why it is wrong. Aristotle also associated justice with equality as he stated in Ethics: â€Å"Citizens should treat one another as equals and they should all be treated ‘as equals’ by the laws of the polis. † (Aristotle, 1984) In comparison with Plato, Aristotle has an emphasis on relationships, for example, family, kith, and kin. He claims that it establishes habits and affection, and builds harmony in the political community. Aristotle, unlike Plato, is not concerned with creating the perfect blueprint of society, rather he is more likely to improve the already existed society and apply day-to-day practice to reach eudaimonia. Plato, teacher of Aristotle, believes in more abstract ideas. The Republic is the story of what sort of society such a philosopher would produce if he were to acquire political power and become a philosopher-king. Leading to that story is an attempt to establish that justice pays – that we cannot achieve happiness except in a just city. His four main arguments are Justice as the Advantage of the Stronger, the Principle of Specialization, the Tripartite Soul, and the Sun, Line, and Cave. In the Republic, Plato discussed what justice is, first in the community, and then in the soul. He argues that a just state requires three classes of citizens; artisans and laborers to produce the material needs of society; soldiers to defend the state; and rulers to organize its social life. He also believes that one man is better to stick with one job and men are by nature divided up into men best suited for each of these functions. This is also called as the principle of specialization, which restricts each class to the one social role in which it is naturally best fitted. However, this ignores the fact that most people have different capacities, which do not exclude one another, let alone the fact that in existing societies most abilities of most people are often unrealized. But Plato’s beliefs on this point were powerfully reinforced by his doctrine of the tripartite soul. (MacIntrye, 1976). According to Plato, soul is divided into three parts; appetitive, the rational, and spirit. The appetitive ones take happiness to consist in the long-term satisfaction of their appetites; the rational ones take it to consist in satisfaction of desires for truth and the overall good (Boucher, 2003). The spirit is concerned neither with rational standards of behavior nor with bodily desires, but with standards of honorable behavior, and with anger and indignation. In comparison, both philosophers agree that justice is the basis of an ideal state, thus the end of the state is ethical. For Plato, the state and the individual are one and justice is a balance between the tripartite natures of soul. These two philosophers also agree that democracy is the worst form of government. To keep in mind, both also considered slaves as properties of their masters and justified the fact that some people are by nature slaves. Seeing their circumstances, this belief hails from their aristocratic family background. Likewise, as regards the social classifications of citizens, for Plato it is the guardians, auxiliaries, and artisans; and for Aristotle, it is the rich, middle-class, and the poor. Both Plato and Aristotle argue that virtuous character requires a distinctive combination of cognitive and affective elements. Human vulnerability can be physical and personal. Physical vulnerability is an acute distress experiences such as hunger, thirst, fatigue and so on. Emotional distress in anger, fear, grief and their behaviors are also tied in with physical frustrations. Personal vulnerability is a medium of fulfillment of personal needs rooted in capacities for love, understanding and choice, where these capacities have a potential reach for beyond the confines of physical survival needs. Although Plato used to be a mentor of Aristotle, it is obvious their views in morality and justice differ with each other at some points. However, both philosophers aim to improve existing society. We could not say that one of them is best in addressing the consequences of human vulnerability. However, Plato is more focused on the entire society compared with Aristotle that is more concerned with the citizens itself. Thus, Aristotle’s discussion with the consequences of human vulnerability is better than Plato’s as Aristotle stated about the vices and virtues of human beings and how to achieve virtuous virtues. Aristotle’s argument about the need of family and relationships among man is also another reason. However I think that a combination between both of the philosopher will create a just state, which means combination between knowledge and day-to-day application towards eudaimonia.